Manufacturing system

The classic definition of manufacturing usually defines manufacturing as the transformation of raw materials into finished products.

With increasing competition and changing customer demands, manufacturers must innovate to ensure that they stay ahead.

All work areas, production lines, material storage facilities, etc. should be designed to perform to the highest rate and the corresponding shortest cycle time. When designing a plant layout it is necessary to take into account all the functions within the business.

In manufacturing, networking and transparency provide for a paradigm shift from “centralised” to “local” production. Today, manufacturing already works with “embedded systems”, which collect and pass on specific data. In the “factory of the future”, a central computer organizes the intelligent network-ing of these subsystems into cyber-physical systems (CPS).

The systems are able to work with increasing independence. Through human-machine inter-faces, the physical and the virtual worlds nevertheless work closely together: The human defines the requirements, while the process management takes place autonomously.

Manufacturing system

Assemble-to-order system (ATO)

The assemble-to-order planning framework incorporates some of the features of make-to-stock into the make-to-order panning methodology to create a hybrid version.

In assemble-to-order, manufacturing lead time is conserved by pre-assembling intermediate portions of the finished product.

Assemble to order system consisting of push and a pull parts. In the push part, undifferentiated components and subassemblies are manufactured to forecast whereas in the pull cart, end redacts are assembled according to customer specifications.

Assemble-to-order system trigger longer delivery times than traditional supply chains, in which products are directly picked out from the shelf.

Assemble-to-order can be useful when intermediate assemblies are common to more than one product. The intermediate assemblies are managed as if they were made-to-stock finished products, but the real finished product is till managed as make-to-order.

An assemble-to-order system is said to be performing well if it provides customers with the required variety, while searching costs’ efficiency and responsiveness.

The system performance is however, negatively affected by the complexity that is induced by variety.
Assemble-to-order system (ATO)

Make-to-order production

Many companies today produce goods according to specific customer orders instead of according to an abstract production program.

The process in which a product is individually manufactured for a particular customer is known as make-to-order production.

In this process, a material is created only once through the same or a similar production process might be repeated at a later time.

Once a customer order is launched into the production system, detailed requirements are computed and production is planned. The key implication of this method is that it results in along planning and execution window for order delivery.

For make-to-order products, stock keeping is seldom carried out. The demand program only determines the production area in companies by using make-to-order production in which various variant types are produced.

The majority of small and medium sized manufacturing companies work in make-to-order style.

These companies, unlike make-to-order manufacturers who produce standard goods to be stocked and sold from the warehouse, produce their goods when customers order them.

In make-or-order system, there is a direct interaction with customers during all the stages of but it is extensive during engineering phase. Manufacturer quotes delivery schedule and price and there is a discussion among the customer and producer regarding alternatives to reduce cost, reduce time to deliver.
Make-to-order production